What is the primary purpose of disinfection in water treatment?

• A. To improve taste
• B. To remove sediment
• C. To eliminate pathogens
• D. To balance pH

Answer: (C)

The primary purpose of disinfection in water treatment is to eliminate pathogens. Disinfection processes are crucial for ensuring that drinking water is free from harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, which can cause waterborne diseases. By effectively reducing or eliminating these pathogens, disinfection safeguards public health, preventing outbreaks of illnesses that could arise from contaminated water.

Disinfection methods, such as chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and ozonation, are specifically designed to target and neutralize these harmful organisms. While improving taste, removing sediment, and balancing pH are important aspects of water quality management, they do not address the immediate health risks posed by pathogens. Thus, the critical focus of disinfection is on protecting human health by ensuring the microbiological safety of water supplies.