What is a key disadvantage of using a confined aquifer for water supply?

• A. It may be easily depleted
• B. It has a higher mineral content
• C. It requires extensive treatment before use
• D. It is more susceptible to pollution

Answer: (A)

A key disadvantage of using a confined aquifer for water supply is its potential for depletion. Confined aquifers are typically stable, as they are enclosed by impermeable layers of rock or sediment that restrict water movement. However, if water is extracted at a rate faster than it can naturally recharge, the water levels in the aquifer can significantly decline. This depletion can lead to issues such as reduced water availability, increased pumping costs, and a potential long-term loss of a vital water resource. Sustainability is crucial for any water supply, and over-extraction from a confined aquifer can create serious challenges in managing long-term water use.

In contrast, while the higher mineral content, the need for treatment, and susceptibility to pollution may be concerns associated with aquifers, they do not pinpoint the inherent risk of depletion linked specifically to confined systems. The other issues are context-dependent and can vary from one aquifer to another, but the depletion of water resources from excessive withdrawal is a more universally applicable disadvantage associated with confined aquifers.