What component most closely follows the cartridge filter in a typical reverse osmosis flow schematic?

• A. Membrane array
• B. High-pressure pump
• C. Post-filter
• D. Storage tank

Answer: (B)

In a typical reverse osmosis (RO) flow schematic, the component that most closely follows the cartridge filter is the high-pressure pump. The role of the cartridge filter is to remove larger particles and sediment from the feed water to ensure that the subsequent RO membrane operates efficiently and is protected from fouling.

After the water passes through the cartridge filter, which prepares the feed water, it needs to be subjected to high pressure to facilitate the reverse osmosis process. The high-pressure pump generates the necessary pressure required for the feed water to be forced through the semi-permeable membrane of the RO system. This pressure is crucial because it allows for the separation of dissolved solids and contaminants from the water, resulting in purified water on one side of the membrane and a concentrated waste stream on the other side.

In contrast, components such as the membrane array, post-filter, and storage tank serve different functions within the overall system. The membrane array is where the actual reverse osmosis happens, occurring after the high-pressure pump has done its job. The post-filter is typically installed after the membranes to polish the water, removing any remaining particles before storage. The storage tank holds the purified water for use but comes later in the sequence. Therefore, the high-pressure pump is